RESUMO
Introducción: La prevalencia de diabetes mellitus 1 (DM1) está aumentando en todo el mundo. La atención recibida parece tener influencia en la evolución de la enfermedad. El objetivo es conocer la prevalencia de DM1, así como los recursos y datos asistenciales que se están utilizando en Asturias. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, siendo la población a estudio los nacidos entre el 2000 y el 2014, con diagnóstico de DM1 a 31/12/2014. Se identificó a los pacientes a través de dos fuentes de datos independientes. La información se recogió a través de las historias clínicas. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los datos proporcionando distribuciones de frecuencias y medidas de posición y dispersión. Resultados: Se identificaron 146 pacientes, la prevalencia total fue de 1,25/1.000 niños. Por grupos de edad fue de 0,21; 1,15 y 2,40 por cada 1.000 en los niños de 0-4; 5-9 y 10-14 años respectivamente. El 8,2% presentaban alteraciones tiroideas autoinmunes y el 6,8% padecían enfermedad celíaca. El 14,4% tenían antecedentes familiares de DM1 y el 29,4% de DM2. Noventa y dos niños eran atendidos por pediatras y 34 por endocrinólogos. El 100% seguía terapia con múltiples dosis de insulina y ninguno utilizaba sistemas de monitorización continua de glucosa. El 37,7% recibió educación para la salud. Conclusiones: Este estudio recoge los primeros datos de prevalencia de DM1 en menores de 15 años en Asturias y aporta datos asistenciales que permiten dar cuenta de la disparidad en cuanto a la atención recibida según área sanitaria
Introduction: Prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is increasing worldwide. Care provided appears to have an influence on the course of disease. The aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of T1DM and to collect data on the resources and care used in Asturias. Material and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study including patients born between 2000 and 2014 with diagnosis of T1DM at 31/12/2014. Patients were identified using two independent data sources. Information was collected from medical records. A descriptive data analysis was performed to provide frequency distributions and measures of position and dispersion. Results: 146 patients were identified, with a total prevalence of 1.25/1.000 children. Prevalence rates by age group were 0.21, 1.15, and 2.40 by 1000 in children aged 0-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years respectively. Autoimmune thyroid disorders and celiac disease were found in 8.2% and 6.8% respectively, while 14.4% had a family history of T1DM and 29.4% of T2DM. Ninety-two children were treated by pediatricians and 34 by endocrinologists. All children were receiving multiple dose insulin treatment and none of them used self-monitoring blood glucose systems. Health education was provided to 37.7% of children. Conclusions: This study reports the first data on T1DM prevalence in children under 15 years old in Asturias and provides care data that show the disparity in care received depending on healthcare area
Assuntos
Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/epidemiologia , Atenção à Saúde , Avaliação das Necessidades , Estudos Transversais , Espanha/epidemiologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is increasing worldwide. Care provided appears to have an influence on the course of disease. The aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of T1DM and to collect data on the resources and care used in Asturias. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional study including patients born between 2000 and 2014 with diagnosis of T1DM at 31/12/2014. Patients were identified using two independent data sources. Information was collected from medical records. A descriptive data analysis was performed to provide frequency distributions and measures of position and dispersion. RESULTS: 146 patients were identified, with a total prevalence of 1.25/1.000 children. Prevalence rates by age group were 0.21, 1.15, and 2.40 by 1000 in children aged 0-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years respectively. Autoimmune thyroid disorders and celiac disease were found in 8.2% and 6.8% respectively, while 14.4% had a family history of T1DM and 29.4% of T2DM. Ninety-two children were treated by pediatricians and 34 by endocrinologists. All children were receiving multiple dose insulin treatment and none of them used self-monitoring blood glucose systems. Health education was provided to 37.7% of children. CONCLUSIONS: This study reports the first data on T1DM prevalence in children under 15 years old in Asturias and provides care data that show the disparity in care received depending on healthcare area.
